Acne lesions are physical changes in the body’s skin tissue resulting from diseases in the skin’s sebaceous follicle. Typically they will appear on the face. However it is not surprising to find them on other parts of the body where there are sebaceous glands. This includes the neck, the chest, the back, the shoulders, the scalp, the upper arms and the legs.
The severity of acne lesions varies. The mildest form are comedones, also known as whiteheads and blackheads. At the other end of the spectrum, nodules and cysts are very severe and serious forms of acne lesions.
Here are some brief descriptions of the various types of acne lesions:
WHITEHEADS
Comedones refer to sebaceous follicles that are clogged with sebum, dead skin cell and bacteria. If the clogged pore is closed up and the skin bulges, then the condition is known as whiteheads. Whiteheads appears as a bump on the skin. It may be skin-coloured or slightly inflamed.
BLACKHEADS
Blackheads occur when the trapped sebum and bacteria in a comedo partially open and the surface of the plug in the follicle turn black. Blackheads may remain for very long as the contents take a long time to drain to the surface.
PAPULES
Papules are small solid lesions caused by localized cellular reactions to the process of acne. They appear as small, pink bumps that are slightly elevated above the surface of the skin. They are tender to the touch.
A group of very small papules and microcomedones may be almost invisible but have a "sandpaper" feel to the touch.
PUSTULES OR PIMPLES
Pustules or pimples are dome-shaped acne lesions containing pus. They are reddish at the base and can be pretty fragile.
Pus is typically a mixture of white blood cells, dead skin cells, and bacteria.
Pimples that heal and do not progress to the more severe or cystic form will usually leave no scars.
MACULES
When an acne lesion has healed, it will leave behind a red spot known as a macule. The appearance of a macule is flat, red or reddish pink in colour and has a well defined border. Patience is required as macules can be quite persistent. It may not disappear until days or weeks later. When there are several macules present at any one time, it can contribute to an “inflamed” appearance.
NODULES
Similar to a papule, a nodule is a solid acne lesion. It could be dome-shaped or irregularly-shaped. However, compared to a papule, a nodule is a more severe form of acne that is severely inflamed. The inflammation extends deep into the inner layers of the skin. It can cause destruction of the skin tissue and may result in scarring. Nodules can be very painful.
If you do suffer from such a severe form of acne, you may want to see a dermatologists who would usually prescribe isotretinoin or accutane.
CYSTS
A cyst is similar to a pustule as in it is a sac-like acne lesion with pus. Pus is liquid or semi-liquid material make up of white blood cells, dead cells, and bacteria. However a cyst is larger in size compared to a pustule and may be severely inflamed. The inflammation may extend deep into the inner layers of the skin. Like nodules, it can be very painful, and can result in scarring. Nodulocystic acne is a severe form of acne where cysts and nodules often appear together. Very often dermatologist will use accutane or isotretinoin to treat it.
Are you are new to a particular skin care product? Always buy a small quantity to try out and test it on a small patch of skin first. A particular brand may work wonders for your best friend, but have a different result with your skin. Remember, different people may have different reactions to different products.
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